The
marriage of the daughter of the Duke of Baveria and Saxony to the Marquis
of Este and the dispute between the Guelfs and Ghibellines are the origin
of the history of Vescovana and of the construction of the Villa Pisani.
The feud of the noble and important Lady became the cradle of historic and
political events in Europe, and her descendants would later give rise to
the political parties and wars that would change states and allegiances,
until the arrival of a Venetian family in Vescovana. Around the year 1000,
the blond Cunizza, daughter of Guelfo II, Count of Artdorf and Lord of Ravensburg
(Swabia), Duke of Baveria and Saxony, was given in marriage to Azzo II of
Este, the "Elisina Court", a vast feud that has as its center Solesino (from
which it takes its name) and included a great number other neighboring villages,
among them Vescovana.
The Elisina Court joined together with the Este territory, and followed
the historical events, struggles, conquests and defeats of the House of
Este. The marriage of Cunizza produces a son, Welf (or Guelfo) IV, future
founder of the Guelf (Welf) Party, whose members clashed with the Ghibellines
(Weiblingen), giving rise to a long series of conflicts.
The Marcheses of Este, that enjoyed a long period of glory, and later became
the Dukes of Ferrara, Modena and Reggio, and joined their forces with those
of the Pope during the investiture conflict between Emperor Enrico IV and
Pope Gregorio VII, and they proved to be a Guelf stronghold in Italy. During
the long series of conflicts that saw the clash of the factions, towers
and strongholds were built at Vescovana, as in the other villages. Nonetheless,
in 1249 the armies of Ezzelino da Romano took the city and destroyed it.
In 1293 the Este holdings were annexed to the City of Padova, and later
to the Venetian Republic.
The wealthy patrician Venetians built their own villas on the ruins of the
former inhabitants castles and towers, at the center of vast real estate
holdings, acquired through reclaimed lands or grants from the Venetian Republic.
The acquisition of thousands of fields of the ancient region by the extremely
wealthy Pisani family dates back to 1468. The land was sold at auction after
being confiscated from the descendants of the Este family. The Pisani family
became the lords of a true feud, the original "Elisina Court" of Cunizza,
and here they built their palace, the Villa Pisani in Vescovana, in the
first half of the 1500s, on the ruins of an ancient medieval tower. |
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